The association of metabolic health obesity with incidence of carotid artery plaque in Chinese adults

Background and aimsWe aimed to evaluate the association between different obese phenotypes with carotid artery plaque (CAP) event.Method and resultsThe current retrospective cohort study was performed in 32,778 Chinese adults (19,221 men and 13,557 women, aged 41.9 ± 11.0 years). Obese phenotypes were assessed based on baseline body mass index (<24.0 vs. ≥24.0 kg/m²) and metabolic characteristics (health vs. unhealth). All the participants were further classified into four groups: metabolic health and normal weight (MHNW), metabolic unhealth and normal weight (MUHNW), metabolic health and overweight (MHO), and metabolic unhealth and overweight (MUHO). Ultrasound B-mode imaging was annually performed to evaluate CAP throughout the study. We have identified 2142 CAP cases during 5-year follow-up. Comparing with the MHNW group, the hazard ratios for the risk of incident CAP was 2.44 (95% CI:1.92 and 3.09) for the MUHNW group, 1.52 (95% CI:1.06 and 2.18) for the MHO group, and 1.8 (95% CI:1.4 and 2.33) for the MUHO group. The association was more pronounced in young adults (<65 y) than that in aged adults (≥65 y). Sensitivity analysis generated similar results with the main analysis.ConclusionMUHNW, MHO, and MUHO were associated with the risk of CAP.     

Recipient hypertonic saline infusion prevents cardiac allograft dysfunction

Objective

Hypertonic saline (HTS) has potent immune and vascular effects. We assessed recipient pretreatment with HTS on allograft function in a porcine model of heart transplantation and hypothesized that HTS infusion would limit endothelial and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction following transplantation.

Associations of metabolically healthy obesity with prevalence and progression of coronary artery calcification: Results from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Cohort Study

Background and aims

There is controversy on the potentially benign nature of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), i.e., obese persons with few or no metabolic abnormalities. So far, associations between MHO and coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, have mainly been studied cross-sectionally in Asian populations. We assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal MHO CAC associations in a Caucasian population.

Late outcomes of strategic arch resection in acute type A aortic dissection

Objective

To compare perioperative and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing hemiarch and aggressive arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).

直肠癌根治术前三维CT血管成像评估肠系膜下动脉分型可行性研究

目的 探讨应用三维CT重建技术评估直肠癌病人肠系膜下动脉（IMA）分型及其特点的可行性。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年11月陆军军医大学大坪医院普外科收治的108例直肠癌病人的临床资料。术前通过三维CT重建技术获得IMA图像，根据IMA分支的不同特点对其分型，对比分析IMA各分型之间的差异及特点。测量IMA长度（LIMA）及IMA根部至腹主动脉分叉部的距离（DIMA），并分析LIMA、DIMA与临床资料的关系。结果 108例病人的IMA分型为：Ⅰ型53例（49.1%），Ⅱ型24例（22.2%），Ⅲ型18例（16.7%），Ⅳ型13例（12%）。单因素方差分析显示，不同IMA分型的病人在年龄、BMI、LIMA、DIMA、阳性淋巴结数目、术中出血量、术后住院时间方面的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。但Ⅱ型与Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型的LIMA差异有统计学意义（P=0.022、0.011）。LIMA为（5.7±2.0）cm， DIMA为（6.3±2.3）cm。结论 直肠癌根治术前利用三维CT血管成像技术准确评估IMA分型及其走行路径，为直肠癌根治术中对IMA的处理及保留LCA提供导向作用。     

Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty for the Treatment of Nonoperable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Single-Center Experience with Low Initial Complication Rate

PurposeTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for nonoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients during the initial experience of a single center.MethodsA total of 18 CTEPH patients (5 with residual pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy) were treated with BPA during the period 2014–2018 and were retrospectively reviewed. Mean age was 61 ± 19 years; 55% were female; mean pulmonary artery pressure was 44 ± 12 mmHg; cardiac output was 4.3 ± 1.0 l/min; and pulmonary vascular resistance was 8.4 ± 3.6 WU. Patients were evaluated by New York Heart Association functional class, 6-minute walk distance, N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide, echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and before and after completions of BPA.ResultsA total of 91 procedures were performed, with a median number of 4 BPA sessions per patient (range, 2–8). There were no deaths or major complications requiring extracorporeal support or (non)invasive ventilation. The most common complication was self-limiting hemoptysis (3%). According to Society of Interventional Radiology classification, 4 mild, 4 moderate, and 1 severe adverse events were noted. Invasive hemodynamics significantly improved, with a cardiac index increase of 15% (P = .0333), decrease of mean pulmonary artery pressure of 30% (P = .0013), and decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance of 45% (P = .0048). Stroke volume index (P = .0171) and pulmonary arterial compliance (P = .0004) were also significantly enhanced.ConclusionsBPA significantly improves cardiopulmonary hemodynamics with an acceptable safety profile. Further studies assessing the long-term efficacy of BPA are required.     

北方社区中老年人群血浆中同型半胱氨酸水平与视网膜血管直径的相关性研究

目的　探讨中老年人血浆中同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine，Hcy）水平与视网膜血管直径之间的关系。方法　本研究为横断面研究，研究人群为开滦研究中参加2012-2013年健康体检人群（年龄≥40岁），其中行眼底彩照者3447人，应用软件分析视网膜血管直径。最终纳入统计分析共3401人，分析血浆中Hcy水平对视网膜中央动脉直径（central retinal artery equivalent，CRAE）、视网膜中央静脉直径（central retinal vein equivalent，CRVE）和动静脉比（arteriovenous ratio，AVR）的影响。将基线Hcy水平四分位分组，用 Logistic 回归分析不同Hcy水平分组对AVR的影响。结果　本研究共入选3401人，其中男1910人、女1491人，年龄（56.81±10.17）岁，Hcy为0.09~70.60（15.27±9.11）mmol·L^-1，其中CRAE为（174.29±24.59）μm，CRVE为（281.74±28.66）μm，AVR 为0.62±0.11。Hcy四分位数分别为9.50 mmol·L^-1、13.30 mmol·L^-1和18.20 mmol·L^-1。Spearman相关分析显示，血浆中Hcy水平与CRAE呈负相关（r=-0.125，P<0.001），与CRVE呈负相关（r=-0.093，P<0.001），Hcy与AVR呈负相关（r=-0.050，P=0.004）。将Hcy分别和CRAE、CRVE和AVR进行多因素线性回归分析显示，Hcy是CRAE（β=-0.147）、CRVE（β=-0.120）的影响因素（均为P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析不同Hcy分位值对AVR的影响发现，其不是AVR的危险因素。性别分层后进一步行多因素线性回归分析发现，男性血浆中Hcy水平与CRAE（β=-0.132）、CRVE（β=-0.136）均有相关性（均为P<0.05）。结论　CRAE和CRVE均随着血浆中Hcy水平的增加而变窄，而这种现象似乎只发生在男性人群中。